The road to net zero – Big Food’s emissions pledges

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In this guide, you will see food manufacturers linking their net zero targets to three areas of emissions – Scopes 1, 2 and 3.

Under the internationally-recognised Greenhouse Gas Protocol, an organisation’s emissions are split into three ‘scopes’.

Scope 1 covers direct emissions from owned or controlled sources. A second, Scope 2, covers indirect emissions from the generation of the electricity, steam, heating and cooling bought and consumed by a reporting organisation.

Scope 3 includes all other indirect emissions that occur in a company’s value chain – and are the largest chunk in a food manufacturer’s output.

Nestlé

The world’s biggest food manufacturer detailed its net-zero plans in 2020, a year after committing to be greenhouse gas emissions-free by 2050.

Then CEO Mark Schneider described the move as a “moral obligation, a moral commitment here to make good on preserving the planet we all live on and, at the same time, it’s about staying relevant to the consumer”.

Nestlé, which had its emissions reduction targets approved by the SBTi, has a target to reduce emissions by 20% by 2025, from its baseline of 2018, and then by 50% by 2030. (The company says it emitted 113 million tonnes of CO2e in 2018, which was its baseline for measuring progress).

The group’s moves to get to net zero have included investment in regenerative agriculture, moves to make all of its packaging recyclable or reusable by 2025 and a bid to source “renewable electricity” at all sites by the same year.

In Nestlé’s 2022 annual report, the Swiss giant said its emissions had fallen below the 2018 baseline.

Nestlé headquarters in Vevey, Switzerland, 14 August 2020
Nestlé headquarters in Vevey, Switzerland, 14 August 2020. Credit: Benny Marty / Shutterstock.com

In June 2023, Nestlé set out plans to stop using carbon offsets and withdraw its pledges to make certain brands ‘carbon neutral’. The company had previously issued ‘carbon neutral’ targets for brands including KitKat and Nespresso coffee,

In October of the same year, a report by The Ellen MacArthur Foundation (the NGO with which many of the world’s largest FMCG companies signed up to a plan that carried a headline pledge that 100% of plastic packaging would be reusable, recyclable or compostable by 2025) issued a progress report on the companies’ efforts.

According to the EMF, Nestlé reduced its use of virgin plastic use by 10% between 2018 and 2022. However, the share of the company’s plastic packaging that was reusable, recyclable and compostable decreased from 55% to 51% over the same four-year period, the NGO reported.

In May 2023, Nestlé’s international cereal venture with General Mills, Cereal Partners Worldwide, set out its target to be net zero by 2050.